Livestock, Poultry and Grain Feedstuffs Terms

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B 
  
Blood MealDried, powdered blood used as a high-nitrogen fertilizer and a high protein animal feed. It usually comes from cattle as a slaughter-house by-product.
  
C 
  
Canola MealMainly used in animal feed and also as organic fertilizer. The protein content is normally 36%-38%. The rapeseed is crushed to obtain oil and cake which is further sent to solvent extraction for removal of residual oil and to obtain its meal.
  
Canola OilMade at a processing facility by crushing the rapeseed. Approximately 42% of a seed is oil. What remains is canola meal.
  
Choice White GreaseMade solely from pork material and is typically included in dairy cattle, swine and poultry feeds.
  
Corn Gluten FeedThe portion of the commercial shelled corn that remains after the extraction of the larger portion of the starch, gluten and germ by the process employed in the wet milling manufacture of corn starch or syrup.
  
Corn Gluten Meal (CGM)The dried residue from corn after the removal of the larger portion of the starch and germ, and the separation of the bran by the process employed in the wet milling manufacture of corn starch or syrup or by the enzymatic treatment of the endosperm.
  
Cottonseed MealThe byproduct remaining after cotton is ginned and the seeds crushed and the oil extracted. It is composed primarily of the kernel, with such portions of the fiber, hull and oil as may be left in the course of manufacturing.
  
Cottonseed OilExtracted from the seeds of the cotton plant. The cottonseed has a similar structure to other oilseeds such as sunflower seed, having an oil bearing kernel surrounded by a hard outer hull; in processing, the oil is extracted from the kernel.
  
F 
  
Feather MealMade from poultry feathers by partially hydrolyzing under elevated heat and pressure and then grinding. Feathermeal is used in formulated animal feed and in organic fertilizer.
  
FishmealA commercial product made from both whole fish and the bones and offal from processed fish. It is a brown powder or cake obtained by rendering pressing the cooked whole fish or fish trimmings to remove most of the fish oil and water, and then ground. What remains is the "fishmeal".
  
H 
  
Hominy FeedA ground mixture of corn bran, germ and starchy portions of the kernel which is produced in the manufacture of pearl hominy, hominy grits and table meal.
  
L

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Linseed MealThe byproduct of extracting the oil from flaxseed. It is used as a protein supplement and contains somewhat less TDN than soybean meal. A good source of selenium, it averages 1.0 ppm
  
M 
  
Meat and Bone Meal (MBM)A product of the rendering industry. It is the dry rendered product from mammal tissue,, exclusive of hair, hoof and horn, hide trimmings, manure and stomach contents.
  
R 
  
Rice BranA by-product of the milling of rice. It consists mostly of the bran layer and germ of the rice with some fragments of hull and broken rice.
  
Rice HullsThe outer shell of rough rice.
  
Rice Mill FeedConsists of rice bran and ground rice hulls.
  
S 
  
Soybean MealFlour made by grinding the solid residue of soybean oil production. It is widely used as a filler and source of protein in animal diets, including pig, chicken, cattle, horse, sheep, and fish feed.

Preferably made from high quality, sound, clean, dehulled yellow soybeans, since soybeans with a dark colored seed coat, or even soybean with a dark hilum will inadvertently leave undesirable dark specks in the flour.

  
Soybean OilA vegetable oil extracted from the seeds of the soybean. Production: To produce soybean oil, the soybeans are cracked, adjusted for moisture content, heated to between 140°F and 190°F, rolled into flakes, and solvent-extracted with hexane. The oil is then refined, blended for different applications, and sometimes hydrogenated.
  
Sunflower MealThe product obtained by grinding flakes after removal of most of the oil by mechanical or solvent process. The percentage protein and process of manufacture shall be designated at the time of sale.
  
Sunflower OilThe non-volatile oil expressed from sunflower seeds. There are several types of sunflower oils produced, such as high linoleic, high oleic and mid oleic. Mid linoleic sunflower oil typically has at least 69% linoleic acid. High oleic sunflower oil has at least 82% oleic acid. Sunflower oil is produced from oil type sunflower seeds. Sunflower oil is light in taste and appearance and has high vitamin E content. It is a combination of monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fats with low saturated fat levels.
  
W

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Wheat - Milling QualityMilled by first removing germ and outer bran layers amounting to approximately 8-10 % of the weight of the wheat in a pearling process. The pearled wheat is then milled in a conventional roller mill to produce flour
  
Wheat BranThe coarse outer covering of the wheat kernel as separated from the cleaned and scoured wheat in the usual process of commercial milling of wheat flour.
  
Wheat Middlings (midds)Obtained from the milling of any of the classes of wheat in the usual process of commercial milling of wheat flour. Wheat midds consist of fine particles of wheat bran, shorts, germ flour and some of the offal from the tail of the mill.
  
Wheat MillrunConsists of coarse wheat bran, fine particles of wheat bran, wheat shorts, wheat germ, wheat flour and the offal from the from the tail of the mill.
  
Whole CottonseedHigh in protein, fat, fiber and energy. This combination of nutrients in one feedstuff is unusual. Whole cottonseed with the lint still attached is white and fuzzy in appearance. It sometimes is called "fuzzy seed," and has the analysis shown below. Whole cottonseed from which the lint has been removed is called delinted seed, is black and smooth in appearance, and tends to be slightly higher in protein and fat than the fuzzy seed. Whole cottonseeds do not need to be crushed or processed in any way.
  
Y 
  
Yellow GreaseA term from the rendering industry. Yellow grease can refer to lower-quality grades of tallow from rendering plants.